Longevity & Cellular Health

GHK-Cu

Natural tripeptide with copper ion that possesses powerful skin regenerative properties, DNA repair capabilities, and effects in cellular longevity models. It stimulates the synthesis of collagen and elastin.

Also known as: Copper Peptide GHK · Glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine copper

Specifications

Research areaLongevity & Cellular Health
Half-life1–2 h
Molecular weight340.4 Da
Amino acid residues3
CAS number89030-95-5
FormulaC₁₄H₂₃CuN₆O₄
SequenceGly-His-Lys (Cu²⁺ complex)
DesignationCopper(II) glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine

Pharmacokinetics

Half-life1–2 h
T-max~15 min
RouteSubcutaneous / topical (research use)

Receptor targets

TGF-β1 receptorCollagen / GAG upregulation
Wnt/β-catenin axisHair follicle stem-cell activation
MMP-2/MMP-9Matrix remodeling modulation

Signalling cascade

  1. Cu²⁺ chelation
  2. TGF-β1 / Wnt signaling
  3. Collagen + GAG synthesis
  4. ECM remodeling

Research areas

Cellular longevitySkinCollagenDNA repair
Mechanism of action
Copper-chelated tripeptide that upregulates collagen and glycosaminoglycan synthesis via TGF-β1 signaling. Modulates matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity for controlled extracellular matrix remodeling and activates hair follicle stem cells through Wnt/β-catenin pathways.
Reported research ranges
2–5 mg subcutaneously daily, or topically at 0.5–2%.
Reported adverse effects
Well tolerated. May cause temporary skin redness with topical use.
Storage and handling
Refrigerate at 2–8 °C after reconstitution. Protect from light.

Research focus

  • Collagen I and III synthesis and ECM remodeling
  • Angiogenesis via VEGF and FGF upregulation
  • Hair follicle activation and keratinocyte proliferation
  • Wound healing and skin barrier repair
  • Antioxidant gene expression (SOD, catalase) in aging models

Overview

GHK-Cu is a tripeptide composed of glycine (Gly), histidine (His), and lysine (Lys), which is chelated with copper. This peptide has been extensively studied in laboratories due to its potential in research related to collagen remodeling, angiogenesis, and the activation of hair follicles. In preclinical models, GHK-Cu has been observed to influence tissue regeneration and skin health.

Research focuses on how GHK-Cu can modulate essential biological processes, making it an area of interest for scientists. Its ability to promote collagen synthesis and improve microcirculation renders it relevant in studies concerning skin rejuvenation and hair growth.

This material is published for scientific and educational reference. It is not medical advice, not a treatment recommendation, and not an offer to sell. Compounds discussed are for research and laboratory use only.

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