Longevity & Cellular Health
NAD+
Fundamental coenzyme of cellular metabolism that decreases with age. Supplementation with NAD+ enhances mitochondrial function, activates sirtuins, and serves as a foundation for cellular longevity research.
Also known as: Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide · Beta-NAD
Specifications
| Research area | Longevity & Cellular Health | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Half-life | Minutes (plasma) | ||
| Molecular weight | 663.4 Da | ||
| CAS number | 53-84-9 | ||
| Formula | C₂₁H₂₇N₇O₁₄P₂ | ||
Research areas
- Mechanism of action
- Central redox coenzyme that shuttles electrons in oxidative phosphorylation (Complex I substrate) and serves as the rate-limiting substrate for sirtuin deacylases (SIRT1–SIRT7) and PARP enzymes. The NAD⁺/NADH ratio governs mitochondrial bioenergetics; intracellular NAD⁺ availability declines with age, making repletion models central to longevity research.
- Reported research ranges
- 250–500 mg IV or subcutaneously weekly. Oral: 500 mg–1 g of precursors (NMN/NR).
- Reported adverse effects
- Rapid IV administration: flushing, nausea, palpitations. Slow IV administration: well tolerated. Oral: minimal effects.
- Storage and handling
- Refrigerate at 2–8 °C. Sensitive to moisture and light.
Research focus
- Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and Complex I substrate
- Sirtuin (SIRT1–SIRT7) deacylase activation
- DNA repair via PARP enzyme substrate availability
- NAD⁺ decline in aging models and repletion strategies
- Metabolic dysfunction and cellular bioenergetics
Overview
NAD+ (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) is an essential coenzyme that plays a critical role in cellular energy production. It has been extensively studied in the context of cellular biology, as it is fundamental to mitochondrial function and DNA repair. Its involvement in cellular signaling makes it a relevant research target, particularly in studies exploring aging and longevity.
Recent research has revealed that NAD+ levels decline with age, suggesting that this metabolic decline may be linked to various age-related diseases. Consequently, scientists are exploring strategies to increase NAD+ levels in preclinical models, seeking to understand its potential to enhance metabolic health and longevity.
This material is published for scientific and educational reference. It is not medical advice, not a treatment recommendation, and not an offer to sell. Compounds discussed are for research and laboratory use only.
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